The mission is the eighth NASA has awarded to date as part of CLPS, but the first to go to the lunar farside.
Credits: Draper
NASA has awarded Draper of Cambridge, Massachusetts a contract to deliver Artemis science investigations to the Moon in 2025. The commercial delivery is part of NASAs Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) initiative under Artemis.
Draper will receive $73m for the contract, and is responsible for end-to-end delivery services, including payload integration, delivery from Earth to the surface of the Moon, and payload operations. This award is the eighth surface delivery task award issued to a CLPS vendor.
Speaking about the contract, Joel Kearns, Deputy Associate Administrator for Exploration in NASAs Science Mission Directorate in Washington, said: “This lunar surface delivery to a geographic region on the Moon that is not visible from Earth will allow science to be conducted at a location of interest but far from the first Artemis human landing missions. Understanding geophysical activity on the far side of the Moon will give us a deeper understanding of our solar system and provide information to help us prepare for Artemis astronaut missions to the lunar surface.”
The experiments riding on Drapers SERIES-2 lander are headed to Schrödinger Basin, a large lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon, close to the lunar South Pole. This interesting geological site is about 200 miles in diameter. The outer ring of the basin is made up of impact melt meteorites and the inner ring is known for its smooth floor deposits that may be a combination of both impact melt and volcanic material.
Chris Culbert, CLPS Programme Manager at NASAs Johnson Space Center in Houston, added: “The payload delivery location is a first for us. Operations from the far side of the Moon will help improve how we track activities from this location to address scientific goals all while we gather data from the payloads. The vendor-provided services will prepare for future, more complex lunar surface operations.”
Schrödinger Basin is one of the youngest impact basins on the lunar surface whose impact uplifted the deep crust and upper mantle of the Moon in its peak ring. Later, the inner basin was the site of a large volcanic eruption. Scientists hope to study the thermal and geophysical properties of the lunar interior as well as electric and magnetic properties in a landing location shielded from Earths electromagnetic fields.
Two of the three investigations selected for this flight are part of NASAs Payloads and Research Investigations on the Surface of the Moon (PRISM) call for proposals. Draper will deliver the three investigations that will collectively weigh about 209 pounds (95 kilograms) in mass and include the Farside Seismic Suite (FSS), which aims to return NASAs first lunar seismic data from the far side of the Moon. This new data could help scientists better understand tectonic activity on this region of the Moon, reveal how often the lunar far side is impacted by small meteorites, and provide new information on the internal structure of the Moon. The instrument consists of the two most sensitive seismometers ever built for spaceflight. FSS is one of two PRISM selections. It is funded through NASA in collaboration with the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) the French Space Agency and is led by NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California.
The Lunar Interior Temperature and Materials Suite (LITMS), also a PRISM selection, is a suite of two instruments: the Lunar Instrumentation for Thermal Exploration with Rapidity, a subsurface heat-flow probe and pneumatic drill; and the Lunar Telluric Currents, an electric field instrument.
The Lunar Surface ElectroMagnetics Experiment (LuSEE) will make comprehensive measurements of electromagnetic phenomena on the surface of the Moon. LuSEE uses DC electric and magnetic field measurements to study the conditions that control the electrostatic potential of the lunar surface, which, in turn, plays a controlling role in dust transport. LuSEE is funded by NASA in collaboration with CNES, and is led by University of California, Berkeleys Space Science Laboratory.
Multiple commercial deliveries continue to be part of NASAs plans at the Moon. Future payloads delivered with CLPS could include more science experiments, including technology demonstrations that support the agencys Artemis missions. Through Artemis, NASA will land the first woman and the first person of colour on the Moon, paving the way for a long-term, sustainable lunar presence and serving as a stepping stone for future astronaut missions to Mars. Artemis I is scheduled to launch no earlier than August 29, 2022, with a subsequent test flight with crew scheduled to occur in 2024 in advance of NASA sending humans to the surface of the Moon no earlier than 2025.
